On October 21, 2025, Japan made history as Sanae Takaichi was elected as the nation’s first female prime minister. At 64, Takaichi is a seasoned politician known for her conservative views and strong ties to former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. Her election marks a significant milestone in Japan’s political landscape, traditionally dominated by male leadership.
A Historic Election
Takaichi secured the position after the resignation of Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba, who stepped down following a series of electoral defeats. In the subsequent leadership election, Takaichi won 237 votes in the lower house, surpassing the required majority and defeating opposition leader Yoshikoko Noda, who received 149 votes. Her victory was further confirmed in the upper house, solidifying her position as Japan’s 104th prime minister.
AP News
Political Background and Ideology
Takaichi’s political career began in 1993, and she has held various ministerial positions, including Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications and Minister of State for Economic Security. She is a staunch conservative, often compared to former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, earning her the nickname “Japan’s Iron Lady.” Her policies emphasize nationalism, economic reform, and a strong defense posture.
The Guardian
Coalition Government Challenges
Following the collapse of the long-standing coalition with the Komeito party, Takaichi formed a new alliance with the Japan Innovation Party (Ishin), securing enough seats to maintain a majority in the Diet. However, the coalition remains fragile, lacking a clear majority in both houses, which could pose challenges in passing legislation.
TIME
Domestic and Foreign Policy Outlook
Domestically, Takaichi faces pressing issues such as economic stagnation, rising prices, and public dissatisfaction. Her administration is expected to continue the economic policies known as “Abenomics,” focusing on fiscal stimulus and structural reforms. On social issues, she has expressed opposition to same-sex marriage and the recognition of separate surnames for married couples, positions that have drawn criticism from progressive groups.
Reuters
In foreign policy, Takaichi is known for her hardline stance on China and her support for revising Japan’s pacifist constitution. She has also advocated for closer ties with Taiwan and has been a frequent visitor to the controversial Yasukuni Shrine, a practice that has strained relations with neighboring countries.
The Guardian
Conclusion
Sanae Takaichi’s election as Japan’s first female prime minister is a landmark event in the country’s political history. While her conservative policies and coalition challenges present significant hurdles, her leadership marks a new chapter in Japan’s governance. As she navigates the complexities of domestic and international issues, Takaichi’s tenure will undoubtedly shape the future direction of Japan.